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Gin

Clear juniper spirit with a strong aroma – base for many cocktails.

Wiki about gin Nutri-Score E Vegan Yes Gluten-free Yes Lactose-free Yes Nut-free Yes
NUTRITION / 100 ml
263 kcal 0.0 g Protein 0.0 g Kohlenhydrate 0.0 g Fett

Introduction

Clear spirit (gin) in a glass
I have a long relationship with gin, which began with a random sip in a smoky bar and developed into a passion for fine botanicals. From the first aroma I realized that juniper is not just a spice here, but the undisputed storyteller of what’s in the glass. I still remember a tasting in a tiny distillery cellar where the scent of citrus and coriander filled the damp air and I suddenly understood how versatile this spirit can be.

For me gin is more than a cocktail ingredient. It is a chameleon that changes depending on the choice of botanicals. Juniper remains the base, but lemon peel, orris root, angelica root or exotic flowers provide surprising nuances. A colleague of mine swears by floral variants because they evoke a summer garden, while another friend prefers purists who celebrate the bitter-spicy side.

I enjoy gin both neat and playfully combined. At a dinner with friends I once held a small tasting where we tried different gins with olives, cucumber slices and orange twists. The discussions about which aroma complemented which dish were delicious and instructive at the same time. It is precisely these moments when gin shows its social role as a connecting element.

  • Types of gin are varied and range from London Dry to Old Tom to Navy Strength, each with different intensities and degrees of sweetness.
  • Typical botanicals are juniper, citrus, coriander, angelica and roots, which together shape the flavor profile.
  • Serving suggestions range from the classic gin and tonic with a lemon twist to more creative variants with herbs and fresh fruit.
For me gin remains an adventure in the glass that arouses curiosity and invites experimentation. I love the versatility in cooking, in mixing and in conversation with other enthusiasts, who are often as surprised as I am when a new taste suddenly evokes a memory.

Availability & types

Availability and types

Where does gin come from?
Gin originates mainly in Europe. The story begins with drinks from the Netherlands (then also called “Genever”) and later became very popular in England. The most important ingredient is the juniper berry, a small dark-blue berry that grows on shrubs. Juniper grows in many parts of the northern hemisphere, for example in Europe, parts of Asia and North America. Sometimes it is cultivated in fields, but often it is collected wild – like mushrooms or berries people pick outdoors.

Where can you buy gin?
Gin is very easy to find worldwide. You can buy it in:

  • Supermarkets and beverage departments
  • Specialty liquor stores (shops that focus on alcoholic beverages)
  • Online shops that deliver drinks
  • Locally at small, local distilleries (these are factories that produce gin)
  • In airport duty-free, where items are often cheaper
Important: gin is an alcoholic beverage and not suitable for children. You should only buy or drink it if you have reached the legal age.
What kinds and variants are there?
Gin comes in many variants – you can think of it like different kinds of juice: apple juice tastes different from orange juice. Here are some important types, simply explained:
  • London Dry Gin: Very clear and dry in taste, that means not sweet. Many know this type as the classic gin. It tastes strongly of juniper and often a bit of citrus (like lemon or orange).
  • Old Tom: Slightly sweeter than London Dry. You can imagine it as a "friendlier" gin, because it is milder and rounder.
  • Plymouth Gin: Originally from the city of Plymouth in England. It is somewhat earthier and softer than London Dry.
  • Genever: The ancestor gin from the Netherlands and Belgium. It is somewhat reminiscent of bread or malt because it is made with grain.
  • Sloe Gin: This is not a pure gin, but a liqueur made from gin and wild sloe berries. It tastes sweet and fruity, like a red berry syrup.
  • Navy Strength: Stronger gin with more alcohol. The name comes from history, when ships needed stronger alcohol. Simply put: it is a "stronger" gin.
  • Flavored or New Western Gins: These use many additional plants or fruits – for example flowers, cucumber, berries or spices. The result is exciting new aromas.
  • Barrel-aged Gin: Some gins are aged in wooden barrels like whisky and thus gain a woody, warm note.
The variety is large: big well-known brands and small local distilleries both offer exciting gins. Some types are available year-round, others – like sloe gin – are more seasonal because the fruits are only harvested in autumn. Whether from the supermarket or from a small manufactory: gin is widely available, and anyone interested can discover many different tastes.

Details & nutrition

Property Value
Unit ml
Calories per 100 263
Protein per 100 0.0
Carbohydrates per 100 0.0
Sugar per 100 0.0
Fat per 100 0.0
Saturated fat per 100 0.0
Monounsaturated fat 0.0
Polyunsaturated fat 0.0
Fiber per 100 0.0
Vitamin C (mg) per 100 0
Vitamin D (IU) per 100 0
Calcium (mg) per 100 0
Iron (mg) per 100 0.0
Nutri-Score E
CO₂ footprint 0.4 kg CO2e/100 ml
Origin Europe (commonly the United Kingdom; depending on the brand)
Gluten-free Yes
Lactose-free Yes
Nut-free Yes
Vegan Yes
Note Spirit typically around 37.5–47% vol alcohol; nutritional values may vary slightly depending on the brand and alcohol content.

Technical & scientific information

Gin is an alcoholic distillate that derives its characteristic aroma mainly from the berry fruit of juniper (Juniperus communis). Legally gin is defined as a spirit in which the juniper flavour must be dominant; in the European Union the minimum alcohol strength is 37.5% ABV, commercial products typically range between 40 and 47% ABV. Various traditional styles include London Dry, Plymouth, Old Tom and the Dutch predecessor Genever, which differ in production process, sweetness and composition of botanicals.

Chemically, gin essentially consists of diluted ethanol with dissolved volatile organic compounds from the botanicals used. Important chemical classes are:

  • Terpenes (e.g. α‑pinene, sabinene, limonene, myrcene), which largely provide the resinous, citrusy or herbaceous character.
  • Terpenoids and alcohols such as linalool and geraniol, which impart floral and herbal nuances.
  • Esters and aldehydes, which contribute fruity and complex aromas; some can form during spirit production or be extracted from the plants.
  • Traces of phenolic compounds and other secondary plant metabolites, depending on the botanicals (e.g. angelica root, coriander seeds, citrus peels).
The basic processing methods include producing a neutral base alcohol (usually from grain, potatoes or molasses), followed by flavouring. Flavouring is carried out mainly by:

  • Maceration: botanicals are soaked in the neutral alcohol to extract their oils and soluble components.
  • Redistillation: the macerated mixture is redistilled in a still, thereby separating the volatile aromatic compounds.
  • Vapor-infusion: botanicals are placed in a basket above the steam; the alcoholic vapours take up the volatile components.
  • Cold extraction or compounding: aromatic oils are added afterwards to the alcohol, a less traditional but cost-efficient method.
From a technological perspective, the type of distillation, temperature control and the choice of botanicals influence both the concentration of individual aroma compounds and their chemical composition. Low-pressure or vacuum distillation enables extraction of delicate aromas at reduced temperatures and thus less thermal degradation.

Nutritionally, gin, like other spirits, provides mainly energy from ethanol. A typical gin product at 40% ABV contains about 220 kcal per 100 ml; a standard serving (25 ml) corresponds to roughly 55 kcal. Botanical additives contribute only minimal nutritional value.

Regarding health, the usual aspects of alcohol apply: short-term effects range from relaxation and reduced reaction ability to intoxication; long-term regular consumption can lead to liver disease, cardiovascular problems and dependence. Botanical ingredients can in rare cases trigger allergic reactions (e.g. to citrus oils) and promote interactions with medications. Consumption is contraindicated for pregnant women and people on certain medications.

In summary, gin is a technically and chemically interesting distillate whose sensory profile is determined by a complex mixture of volatile plant compounds. Production choices strongly influence the final aromatic profile, while health effects primarily depend on the amount of ethanol contained.

Wiki entry for: gin
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